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The scientific understanding to guide depression recognition and management in primary care has grown substantially over the past few years. The Initiative's Steering Committee has compiled a comprehensive list of publications to provide background for clinicians, administrators, and policy makers.
Clinicians may be most interested in articles in the Diagnosis and Treatment sections. We've put these first, but other sections provide important background, address cost-effectiveness, and list the recent randomized controlled trials in primary care. Also, please note that the list includes "classic" articles as well as some of the very latest. We plan to update this list twice yearly.
Allen Dietrich, MD
for the Steering Committee |
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DIAGNOSTIC ISSUES
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| Coyne J, Schwenk T, Fechner-Bates S (1995). Nondetection of depression by primary care |
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physicians reconsidered. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 17: 3-12. Abstract
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| Frank E, Prien R, Jarrett R, Keller M, Kupfer D, Lavori P, Rush J, Weissman M (1991). |
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Conceptualization and rationale for consensus definitions of terms in major depressive disorder. Remission, recovery, relapse, and recurrence. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48:851-855. Abstract
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| Keller MB. (2003) Past, Present, and Future Directions for Defining Optimal Treatment |
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Outcome in Depression: Remission and Beyond. JAMA 289: 3152-3160. Abstract
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| Kessler RC, Ahao S, Blazer DG, Swartz M (1997). Prevalence, correlates, and course of minor |
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depression and major depression in the national comorbidity survey. J Affect Disord 45:19-30. Abstract
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| Pignone M, Gaynes BN, Rushton JL, Burchell CM, Orleans C, Mulrow CD, Lohr KN (2002). |
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Screening for depression in adults: A summary of the evidence for the US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 136: 765-776 Abstract
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| Pincus HA, Davis WW, McQueen LE (1999). 'Subthreshold' mental disorders. A review and |
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synthesis of studies on minor depression and other 'brand names'. Br J Psychiatry 174: 288-96. Abstract
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| Sireling L, Freeling P, Paykel E, Rao B (1985). Depression in clinical practice: clinical features |
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and comparison with out-patients. Br J Psychiatry 147: 119-126. Abstract
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| Williams JW, Rost K, Dietrich, AJ, Ciotti M, Zyzanski S, Cornell J. (1999) Primary Care |
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Physicians Approach to Depressive Disorders: Effects of Physician Specialty and Practice Structure. Archives of Family Medicine, 8:58-67. 8:58-67 Abstract
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WPA (1995). Dysthymia in clinical practice. Br J Psychiatry 166: 174-183. Abstract
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DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT AND MEASURES
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| Arroll B, Khin N, Kerse N. (2003) Screening for depression in primary care with two verbally |
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asked questions: cross sectional study. BMJ 327:1144-1146 Abstract
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| Hickie IB, Davenport TA, Ricci CS (2002). Screening for depression in general practice and |
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related medical settings. Med J Aus 177:S111-S116 Abstract
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| Kroenke K, Spitzer RL (2002). The PHQ-9: A new depression diagnostic and severity |
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measure. Psychiatr Ann. 35:509-521
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| Mayfield D, McLeod G, Hall P. (1974) The CAGE questionnaire: Validation of a new alcoholism |
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screening instrument. Am J Psychiatry. 131: 1121-1123.
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| Sherbourne C, Wells K (1997). Course of depression in patients with comorbid anxiety |
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disorders. J Affect Disord 43: 245-250. Abstract Abstract
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| Spitzer R, Kroenke K, Williams J (1999). Validation and utility of a self-report version of |
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PRIME- MD: the PHQ Primary Care Study. J Am Med Assoc 282: 1737-1744. Abstract
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| Spitzer R, Williams J, Kroenke K, Linzer M, deGruy FI, Hahn S, Brody D, Johnson J (1994). |
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Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care. The PRIME-MD 1000 Study. J Am Med Assoc 14(272): 1749-1756. Abstract
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| USPSTF (2002). Screening for depression: recommendations and rationale. Ann Intern Med. |
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136(10): 760-4. Abstract
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| Williams J, Noel P, Cordes J, Ramirez G, Pignone M (2002). Is this patient clinically |
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depressed? J Am Med Assoc 287:1160-1170 Abstract
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TREATMENT
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| AHCPR (1993). Depression Guideline Panel. Depression in Primary Care. Vol 2: Treatment of |
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major depression. Rockville, MD, DHHS, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research.
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| Andrews G (2001) Should depression be managed as a chronic disease. BMJ 322:419-421 |
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Abstract
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| APA (2000). Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder |
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(revision). Am J Psychiatry 157(4 supplement): 1-45. Abstract
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| Chilvers C, Dewey M, Fielding K, Gretton V, Miller P, Palmer B, Weller D, Churchill R, |
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Williams I, Bedi N, Duggan C, Lee A, Harrison G (2001) Antidepressant drugs and generic counselling for treatment of major depression in primary care: randomised trial with patient preference arms. BMJ 322(7289): 772-5. Abstract
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| Geddes JR, Carney SM, Davies C, Furukawa TA, Kupfer DJ, Frank E, Goodwin GM (2003). |
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Relapse prevention with antidepressant drug treatment in depressive disorders: a systematic review. Lancet 361: 653-651. Abstract
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| Keller MB, Kocsis JH, Thase ME, Gelenberg AJ, Rush AJ, et al (1998) Maintenance phase |
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efficacy of sertraline for chronic depression: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 280: 1665-72. Abstract
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| Kendrick T (1996). Prescribing antidepressants in general practice: Watchful waiting for minor |
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depression, full dose treatment for major depression. BMJ 31(313): 829-830. Abstract
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| Kent J (2000). SNaRIs, NaSSAs, and NaRIs: new agents for the treatment of depression. |
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Lancet 355: 911-918. Abstract
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| Kocsis JH, Friedman RA, Markowitz JC, Miller N, Gniwesch L, Bram J (1995) Stability of |
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remission during tricyclic antidepressant continuation therapy for dysthymia. Psychopharmacol Bull 31:213-216. Abstract
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| Kocsis JH, Friedman RA, Markowitz JC, Leon AC, Miller NL, Gniwesch L, Parides M. (1996) |
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Maintenance therapy for chronic depression. A controlled clinical trial of desipramine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53: 769-74. Abstract
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| Kroenke K, West S, Swindle R, Gilsenan A, Eckert G, Dolor R, Stang P, Zhou X-H (2001). |
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Similar effectiveness of paroxetine, fluoxetine, and sertraline in primary care: A randomized trial. JAMA 286: 2947-2955. Abstract
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| Krupnick J, Sotsky S, Simmens S, Moyer J, Elkin I, Watkins J, Pilkonis P (1996). The role of |
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the therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy outcome: findings in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program. J Consult Clin Psycho l64(3): 532-539. Abstract
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| Lima MS, Moncrieff J (2000). Drugs vs placebo for the treatment of dysthymia. |
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Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3): 2 Abstract
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| Lin E, Von Korff M, Katon W, Bush T, Simon G, Walker E, Robinson P. (1995) The role of the |
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primary care physician in patients’ adherence to antidepressant therapy. Med Care 33(1):67-74 Abstract
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| Linde K, Mulrow CD (2003). St John's wort for depression (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane |
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Library, Issue 1. Oxford, England. Update Software, Inc (www.update-software.com).
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| Malt U, Robak O, Madsbu H, Bakke O, Loeb M (1999). The Norwegian Naturalistic Treatment |
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Study of Depression in General Practice (NORDEP)-I: Randomized double blind study. BMJ 318: 1180-1184 Abstract
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| Miranda J, Chung JY, Green BL, Krupnick J, Siddique J, Revicki DA, Belin T. (2003) |
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Treating depression in predominantly low-income young minority women: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 290:57-65 Abstract
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| Mulrow CD, Williams JJ, Chiquette E, Aguilar C, Noel PH, Lee S, Cornell J, Stamm K (2000). |
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Efficacy of newer medication for treating depression in primary care. Am J Med 108: 54-64. Abstract
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| Mynors-Wallis L (1996). Problem-solving treatment: evidence for effectiveness and feasibility in |
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primary care. Int J Psychiatry Med 26(3): 249-62. Abstract
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| Mynors-Wallis LM, Gath DH, Day A, Baker F.(1993) Randomized controlled trial of problem |
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solving treatment, antidepressant medication, and combined treatment for major depression in primary care. BMJ 320:26-30 Abstract
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| Nelson JC (2003). Managing treatment-resistant major depression. J Clin Psychiatry 64 |
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(suppl 1):5-12
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| Oxman TE, Sengupta A (2002). Treatment of Minor Depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry |
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10: 256-264. Abstract
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| Paykel E (1994). Dysthymia in clinical practice :psychological therapies. Acta Psychiatrica |
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Scandinavica 89 (Suppl 383): 35-41. Abstract
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| Reynolds CF 3rd, Frank E, Perel JM, Imber SD, Cornes C, Miller MD, Mazumdar S, |
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Houck PR, Dew MA, Stack JA, Pollock BG, Kupfer DJ (1999) Nortriptyline and interpersonal psychotherapy as maintenance therapies for recurrent major depression: a randomized controlled trial in patients older than 59 years JAMA 281(1): p. 39-45. Abstract
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| Schulberg HC, Raue PJ, Rollman BL (2002). The effectiveness of psychotherapy in treating |
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depressive disorders in primary care practice: clinical and cost perspectives. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 244: 203-212. Abstract
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| Schulberg HC, Katon W, Simon GE, Rush AJ (1998). Treating major depression in primary |
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care practice: an update of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Practice Guidelines. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55:1121-7. Abstract
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| Simon G, Von Korff M, Wagner E, Barlow W (1993) Patterns of antidepressant use in |
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community practice. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 15:399-408 Abstract
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| Williams J, Rost K, Dietrich A, Ciotti M, Zyzansky S, Cornell j. (1999) Arch Fam Med 8:58-67 |
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Abstract
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SIGNIFICANCE OF DEPRESSION
Population and Clinical Issues
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| Blazer D, Hughes DC, George LK (1987). The epidemiology of depression in an elderly |
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community Blazer D, Hughes DC, George LK (1987). The epidemiology of depression in an elderly community population. Gerontologist 27:281-287
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| Broadhead W, Blazer D, George L, Tse C (1990). Depression, disability days, and days lost |
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from work in a prospective epidemiologic survey. J Am Med Assoc 264(19): 2524-2528. Abstract
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| Hays R, Wells K, Sherbourne C, Rogers W, Spritzer K (1995). Functioning and well-being |
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outcomes of patients with depression compared with chronic general medical illnesses. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52: 11-19. Abstract
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| Kessler RC, Berglund P, et al. (2003) The Epidemiology of Major Depressive Disorder: |
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Results From the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA 289: 3095-3105. Abstract
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| Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhao S, Nelson CB, Hughes M, Eshleman S, Wittchen HU, |
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Kendler KS (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51:8-19 E. Abstract
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| Lin EH, Katon W, Von Korff M, Tan L, Williams JW Jr, Kroenke K, Hunkeler E, Harpole L, |
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Hegel M, Arean P, Hoffing M, Della Penna R, Langston C, Unutzer J. (2003) IMPACT Investigators: Effect of improving depression care on pain and functional outcomes among older adults with arthritis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 290:2428-9 Abstract
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| Murray CJL, Lopez AD (1996). The Global Burden of Disease: A Comprehensive |
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Assessment of Mortality and Disability from Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in 1990 and Projected to 2020. Boston, The Harvard School of Public Health on Behalf of the World Health Organization and the World Bank.
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| Sartorius N, Ustun TB, Lecrubier Y, Wittchen HU (1996). Depression comorbid with anxiety: |
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results from the WHO study on psychological disorders in primary health care. Br J Psychiatry Suppl (30): 38-43. Abstract
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Economic Issues
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| Conti DJ, Burton WN (1994). The economic impact of depression in a workplace. |
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J Occup Med. 36(9):983-8. Abstract
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| Druss BG, Rosenheck RA, Sledge WH (2000). Health and disability costs of depressive |
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illness in a major U.S. corporation. Am J Psychiatry. 157(8):1274-8. Abstract
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| Frank RG, McGuire TG, Normand SL, Goldman HH (1999). The value of mental health care at |
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the system level: the case of treating depression. Health Aff 18(5):71-88 Abstract
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| Greenberg PE, Stiglin LE, Finkelstein SN, Berndt ER (1993). The economic burden of |
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depression in 1990. J Clin Psychiatry. 54(11):405-18. Abstract
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| Kessler RC, Frank RG (1997). The impact of psychiatric disorders on work loss days. |
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Psychol Med 27:861-873 Abstract
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| Lepine JP, Gastpar M, Mendlewicz J, Tylee A (1997). Depression in the community: the first |
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pan-European study DEPRES (Depression Research in European Society). Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 12(1):19-29. Abstract
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| Lerner D, Adler DA, Chang H, Lapitsky L, Hood MY, Perissinotto C, Reed J, McLaughlin TJ, |
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Berndt ER, Rogers WH. Unemployment, job retention, and productivity loss among employees with depression. Psychiatr Serv. 2004 Dec;55(12):1371-8
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| Rice DP, Miller LS (1995). The economic burden of affective disorders. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. |
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(27):34-42. Abstract
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| Simon GE, VonKorff M, Barlow W (1995). Health care costs of primary care patients with |
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recognized depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 52(10):850-6. Abstract
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| Simon G, Ormel J, VonKorff M, Barlow W (1995). Health care costs associated with |
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depressive and anxiety disorders in primary care. Am J Psychiatry 152(3): 352-7. Abstract
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| Simon GE, Barber C, Birnbaum HG, Frank RG, Greenberg PE, Rose RM, Wang PS, |
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Kessler RC (2001). Depression and work productivity: the comparative costs of treatment versus nontreatment. J Occup Environ Med. 43(1):2-9. Abstract
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| Stewart WF, Ricci JA, Chee E, Hahn S, Morganstein D. (2003) Cost of Lost Productive Work |
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Time Among US Workers With Depression. JAMA 289: 3135-3144. Abstract
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| Wang PS, Beck AL, Berglund P, McKenas DK, Pronk NP, Simon GE, Kessler RC. |
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Effects of major depression on moment-in-time work performance. Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Oct;161(10):1885-91 Abstract
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THE IMPORTANCE OF DEPRESSION IN PRIMARY CARE
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| Barrett JE, Barrett JA, Oxman TE, Gerber PD (1998). The prevalence of psychiatric disorder in |
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a primary care practice. Arch Gen Psychiatry 45:1100-1106. Abstract
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| Coyne J, Fechner-Bates S, Schwenk T (1994). Prevalence, nature, and comorbidity of |
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depressive disorders in primary care. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 16:267-276. Abstract
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| Goldberg D, Huxley P (1980). Mental Illness in the Community: The Pathway to Psychiatric |
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Care London, Tavistock, 3
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| Goldberg DP (1984). The recognition of psychiatric illness by non psychiatrists. |
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Aust NZ J Psych 18:128-134 Abstract
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| Hoeper E, Nycz G, Cleary P, Regier D, Goldberg I (1979). Estimated prevalence of RDC |
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mental disorder in primary medical care. Int J Ment Health 8:6-15.
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| Lyness, JM, Caine ED, King DA, C. Cox C, Yoediono Z (1999). Psychiatric disorders in older |
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primary care patients." J Gen Intern Med 14: 249-54. Abstract
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| Regier D, Narrow W, Rae D, Manderscheid, R, Locke B, Goodwin F (1993). The defacto US |
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mental and addictive disorders service system. Epidemiologic catchment area prospective 1-year prevalence rates of disorders and services. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50: 85-94. Abstract
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| Schulberg HC, Saul M, McClelland M, Ganguli M, Christy W, Frank R (1985). Assessing |
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depression in primary medical and psychiatric practices. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42:1164-1170 Abstract
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| Von Korff M, Shapiro S, Burke JD, Teitlebaum M, Skinner EA, German P, Turner RW, Klein L, |
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Burns B (1987). Anxiety and depression in a primary care clinic: Comparison of DIS, GHQ, and practitioner assessments Arch Gen Psychiatry 44:152-6. Abstract
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| Widmer RB, Cadoret, RJ (1979). Depression in family practice: Changes in pattern of patient |
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visits and complaints during subsequent developing depressions. J Fam Practice 9:1017-1021. Abstract
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PRIMARY CARE SYSTEMS FOR IMPROVED MANAGEMENT OF DEPRESSION
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The Need for Care Systems
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| Cabana MD, Rand CS, Powe NR, Wu AW, Wilson MH, Abboud PA, Rubin HR (1999). Why |
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don't physicians follow clinical practice guidelines? A framework for improvement. J Am Med Assoc 282(15): 1458-65. Abstract
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| Coulehan JL, Schulberg HC, Block MR, Madonia MJ, Rodriguez E (1997). Treating depressed |
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primary care patients improves their physical, mental, and social functioning. Arch Intern Med 157(10): 1113-20. Abstract
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| Davis D (1998). Does CME work? An analysis of the effect of educational activities on |
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physician performance on health care outcomes. Int J Psychiatry Med 27(1): 21-39. Abstract
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| Institute of Medicine (2001). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st |
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Century. Washington, DC, National Academy Press.
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| Lin EH, Katon WJ, VonKorff M, Russo JE, Simon GE, Bush TM, Rutter CM, Walker EA, |
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Ludman E (1998). Relapse of depression in primary care: rate and clinical predictors. Arch Fam Med 7:443-449 Abstract
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| Lin E, Von Korff M, Katon W, Bush T, Simon G, Walker E, Robinson P. (1995) The role of the |
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primary care physician in patients’ adherence to antidepressant therapy. Med Care 33(1):67-74 Abstract
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| Rubenstein LV, Jackson-Triche M, Unutzer J, Miranda J, Minnium K, Pearson ML, Wells KB |
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(1999). Evidence-based care for depression in managed primary care practices. Health Aff 18(5): 89-105. Abstract
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| Thompson C, Kinmonth A, Stevens L, Peveler R, Stevens A, Ostler K, Pickering R, Baker N, |
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Henson A, Preece J, Cooper D, Campbell M (2000). Effects of a clinical-practice guideline and practice-based education on detection and outcome of depression in primary care: Hampshire Depression Project randomised controlled trial. Lancet 355(9199): 185-191. Abstract
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| Valenstein M, Klinkman M, Becker S, Blow FC, Barry KL, Sattar A, Hill E (1999). Concurrent |
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treatment of patients with depression in the community: provider practices, attitudes, and barriers to collaboration. J Fam Pract 48(3): 180-7. Abstract
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| Von Korff M, Goldberg D (2001). Improving outcomes in depression: the whole process of care |
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needs to be enhanced. BMJ 323: 948-949. Abstract
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| Wells KB, Schoenbaum M, Unutzer J, Lagomasino IT, Rubenstein LV (1999). Quality of care |
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for primary care patients with depression in managed care. Arch Fam Med 8(6): 529-36. Abstract
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Care Systems Models and Components
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| Badamgarav E, Weingarten SR, Henning JM, Knight K, Hasselblad V, Gano A, Ofman JJ. |
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(2003) Effectiveness of disease management programs in depression: A systematic review. Am J Psychiatry 160:2080-2090 Abstract
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| Gilbody S, Whitty P, Grimshaw J, Thomas R. (2003) Educational and Organizational |
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Interventions to Improve the Management of Depression in Primary Care: A Systematic Review. JAMA 289: 3145-3151. Abstract
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| Katon W, Von Korff M, Lin E, Simon G (2001). Rethinking practitioner roles in chronic illness: |
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the specialist, primary care physician, and the practice nurse. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 23(3): 138-44. Abstract
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| Lin E, VonKorff M, Katon W, Bush T, Simon G, Walker E, Robinson P (1995). The role of the |
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primary care physician in patients' adherence to antidepressant therapy. Medical Care 33(1): 67-74. Abstract
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| Oxman TE, Dietrich AJ, Williams JW Jr, Kroenke K (2002). A three component model for re- |
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engineering systems for primary care treatment of depression. Psychosomatics 43:441-450 Abstract
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| Peveler R, George C, Kinmonth AL, Campbell M, Thompson C (1999). Effect of antidepressant |
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drug counselling and information leaflets on adherence to drug treatment in primary care: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 319(7210): 612-5. Abstract
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| Schulberg HC, Bryce C, Chisk K, Mulsant BH, Rollman B, Bruce ML, Coyne JC, Reynolds |
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CF, 3rd (2001). Managing late-life depression in primary care practice: a case study of the Health Specialist's role. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 16(6): 577-584. Abstract
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| Solberg LI, Korsen N, Oxman T, Fischer LR, Bartels S (1999) The need for a system in the |
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care of depression J Family Practice 48:973-979. Abstract
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| VonKorff M, Gruman J, Schaefer J, Curry SJ, Wagner EH (1997). Collaborative management of |
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chronic illness. Annals Intern Med 127:1097-102. Abstract
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| Wagner E, Austin B, Vonkorff M (1996). Organizing care for patients with chronic illness. |
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Milbank Q 74: 511-544. Abstract
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Randomized Controlled Trials of Care Systems
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| Dietrich AJ, Oxman TE, Williams Jr JW, Schulberg HC, Bruce ML, Lee PW, Barry S, |
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Raue PJ, Lefever PJ, Heo M, Rost K, Kroenke K, Gerrity M, Nutting PA. Re-Engineering Systems for the Primary Care Treatment of Depression: a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2004 329(7466):602 PDF
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| Hedrick SC, Chaney EF, FelkerB, Chuan-Fen L, Hasenberg N, Heagerty P, Buchanan J, |
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Gagala R, Greenberg D, Paden G, Fihn SD, Katon W (2003). Effectiveness of collaborative care depression treatment in Veterans’ Affairs primary care. J Gen Intern Med 18:9-16 Abstract
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| Hunkeler EM, Meresman JF, Hargreaves WA, Fireman B, Berman WH, Kirsch AJ, Groebe J, |
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Hurt SW, Braden P, Getzell M, Feigenbaum PA, Peng T, Salzer M (2000). Efficacy of nurse telehealth care and peer support in augmenting treatment of depression in primary care. Arch Fam Med 9(8): 700-708. Abstract
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| Katon W, Robinson P, VonKorff M, Lin E, Bush T, Ludman E, Simon G, Walker E (1996). A |
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Multifaceted intervention to improve treatment of depression in primary care. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53(10): 924-932. Abstract
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| Katon W, Von Korff M, Lin E, Walker E, Simon GE, Bush T, Robinson P, Russo J (1995). |
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Collaborative management to achieve treatment guidelines. Impact on depression in primary care. J Am Med Assoc 273(13): 1026-31. Abstract
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| Katon W, VonKorff M, Lin E, Simon G, Walker E, Unutzer J, Bush T, Russo J, Ludman E |
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(1999). Stepped collaborative care for primary care patients with persistent symptoms of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56: 1109-1115. Abstract
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| Katon W, Rutter C, Ludman E, VonKorff M, Lin E., Simon G, Bush T, Walker E, Unutzer J |
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(2001). A randomized trial of relapse prevention of depression in primary care. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58: 241-247. Abstract
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| Katzelnick D, Simon G, Pearson S, Manning W, Helstad C, Henk H, Cole S, Lin E, Taylor L, |
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Kobak K (2000). Randomized trial of a depression management program in high utilizers of medical care. Arch Fam Med 9: 345-351. Abstract
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| Rost K, Nutting P, Smith J, Werner J, Duan N (2001). Improving depression outcomes in |
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community primary care practice: a randomized trial of the QuEST Intervention. J Gen Intern Med 16: 143-149. Abstract
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| Rost K, Nutting P, Smith JL, Elliott CE, Dickinson M (2002). Managing depression as a |
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chronic disease: A randomised trial of ongoing treatment in primary care. BMJ 325:934-939 Abstract
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| Schulberg HC, Block M, Madonia, M, Scott CP, Rodriguez E, Imber SD, Perel J, et al. (1996) |
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Treating major depression in primary care practice. Eight-month clinical outcomes. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53: 913-919. Abstract
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| Simon GE, VonKorff M, Rutter C, Wagner E (2000). Randomised trial of monitoring, feedback, |
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management of care by telephone to improve treatment of depression in primary care [see comments]. BMJ 320(7234): 550-4. Abstract
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| Unutzer J, Katon W, Callahan CM, Williams JW Jr., Hunkeler E, Harpole L, Hoffing M, Della |
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Penna RD, Noel PH, Lin EH, Arean PA, Hegel MT, Tang L, Belin TR, Oishi S, Langston C, Treatment IIIM-PAtC (2002). Collaborative care management of late-life depression in the primary care setting: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Assoc. 288(22): 2836-45. Abstract
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| Wells KB, Sherbourne C, Schoenbaum M, Duan N, Meredith L, Unutzer J, Miranda J, |
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Carney MF, Rubenstein LV (2000). Impact of disseminating quality improvement programs for depression in managed primary care: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Assoc 283(2): 212-20. Abstract
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COST EFFECTIVENESS OF PRIMARY CARE DEPRESSION TREATMENT
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| Harvey I, Nelson S, Lyons R, Unwin C, Monaghan S, Peters T (1998). A randomized controlled |
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trial and economic evaluation of counselling in primary care. Br J Gen Pract 48(428): 1043-1048. Abstract
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| Lave J, Frank R, Schulberg H, Kamlet M (1998). Cost-effectiveness of treatments for major |
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depression in primary care practice. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55(7): 645-651. Abstract
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| McFarland B (1994). Cost-effectiveness considerations for managed care systems: treating |
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depression in primary care. The Am J Med 97(Suppl 6A): 47S-57S. Abstract
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| Pincus H, Zarin D,JC W (1996). Peering into the 'black box'. Measuring outcomes of managed |
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care. Arch Gen Psychiatry 53: 870-877. Abstract
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| Pyne JM, Rost KM, Zhang M, Williams DK, Smith J, Fortney J. (2003) Cost-effectiveness |
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of a primary care depression intervention. J Gen Intern Med 18:432-41 Abstract
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| Schoenbaum M, Unutzer J, Sherbourne C, Duan N, Rubenstein L, Miranda J, Meredith LS, |
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Carney ME, Wells KB (2001). Cost-effectiveness of Practice-Initiated Quality Improvement for Depression. J Am Med Assoc 286(11): 1325-1330. Abstract
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| Scott A, Freeman C (1992). Edinburgh primary care depression study:treatment outcome, |
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patient satisfaction, and cost after 16 weeks. BMJ 304(6831): 883-887 Abstract
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| Simon G, Katon W, VonKorff M, Unutzer J, Lin E, Walker E, Bush T, Rutter C, |
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Ludman E (2001). Cost effectiveness of a collaborative care program for primary care patients with persistent depression. Am J Psychiatry 158:1638-1644. Abstract
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| Simon G, Manning W, Katzelnick D, Perarson S, Henk H, Helstad C (2001). Cost |
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effectiveness of systematic depression treatment for high utilizers of general medical care. Arch Gen Psychiatry 58:181-187. Abstract
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